Which process involves producers, consumers, and decomposers?

The correct answer, which involves producers, consumers, and decomposers, is the concept of food webs. Food webs illustrate the complex feeding relationships among various organisms within an ecosystem.

In a food web, producers (such as plants) create energy from sunlight through photosynthesis, which forms the foundation of the ecosystem. Consumers, which include herbivores and carnivores, obtain their energy by consuming these producers or other consumers. Decomposers play a crucial role in breaking down dead organic matter, returning vital nutrients to the soil, and making them available for producers.

While nutrient cycling and biogeochemical cycling are important ecological processes that involve the movement of elements and compounds through ecosystems, they describe the processes of nutrient availability rather than the specific interactions between different trophic levels of organisms. Food webs explicitly represent these relationships, highlighting how energy flows and nutrients are cycling through an ecosystem involving all three groups of organisms.