What process do cells use to produce energy from food using oxygen?

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert food into energy in the presence of oxygen. This metabolic pathway occurs in several stages, including glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. During cellular respiration, glucose (and other organic molecules) is broken down, releasing energy stored in their chemical bonds. This energy is captured in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the primary energy currency of the cell.

In contrast, photosynthesis is the process used by plants, algae, and some bacteria to convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, not energy from food. Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of stable internal conditions within an organism, which is not directly related to the energy production process. Fermentation, on the other hand, is an anaerobic process that occurs when oxygen is not available and also produces energy but is less efficient than cellular respiration and does not utilize oxygen. Thus, cellular respiration is the correct and most efficient process for producing energy from food utilizing oxygen.