What is the process by which organisms produce new individuals of the same kind?

The process by which organisms produce new individuals of the same kind is known as reproduction. This biological process is fundamental for the continuation of a species and occurs in various forms, such as asexual and sexual reproduction. In asexual reproduction, a single organism can produce offspring that are genetically identical to itself, while sexual reproduction involves the combination of genetic material from two parent organisms, resulting in genetically diverse offspring.

Reproduction is crucial not only for species survival but also for maintaining genetic diversity within a population, which can aid in adaptability and overall resilience against environmental changes. It contrasts with other processes like growth, which refers to an increase in size or mass of an organism, and development, which involves changes in form and function over the organism's life cycle. Evolution, on the other hand, relates to the gradual change and adaptation of species over time through processes such as natural selection, rather than the immediate generation of new individuals.