Eukaryotic cells contain which of the following structures?

Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having a well-defined nucleus and a variety of membrane-bound organelles. The nucleus is crucial as it houses the cell's genetic material in the form of chromosomes and is the site of essential functions such as DNA replication and transcription.

In addition to the nucleus, eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria, which are the powerhouses of the cell, responsible for producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through cellular respiration. Mitochondria are vital for energy metabolism. For plant cells and some protists, chloroplasts are also present, allowing these cells to conduct photosynthesis by converting sunlight into chemical energy. Hence, option B correctly encompasses the major organelles found within eukaryotic cells.

Other choices do not adequately represent the complexity and diversity of eukaryotic cell structures. For instance, having only a nucleus does not account for the additional organelles essential for various cellular functions, while mentioning only chromosomes or ribosomes and a cell wall overlooks the importance of mitochondrial and chloroplast functions, particularly in energy metabolism and photosynthesis.